About Nyssa sylvatica
The tupelo tree is a remarkable tree from eastern North America that is best known for its spectacular autumn colour. Its scientific name refers to the water goddess Nyssa because in its natural habitat the tree often grows in swampy areas. The growth form is narrow-cone in youth, later broad-cone to irregularly oval. The trunk is straight with main branches growing horizontally.
The bark is dark grey to black-brown and, with age, develops a characteristic pattern of square, scaly plates reminiscent of crocodile skin. This decorative bark structure is very distinctive and makes the tree interesting even in winter. On older trees, the pattern becomes increasingly coarse and sculptural.
The leaf is oblong-ovate with a smooth or slightly wavy edge. The leaf colour is glossy dark green in summer. What is special about the tupelo tree is that the leaves are very thick and leathery, almost as if polished. This glossy texture makes the tree attractive throughout the season.
The autumn colour is the absolute highlight: as one of the first trees, the tupelo tree often starts colouring as early as the end of August. The leaves colour in intense, fiery hues of orange, red, purple and burgundy. Often several colours are present simultaneously on one tree, and even on one branch several colours can occur. The intensity of the colours is breathtaking and among the best that autumn has to offer. The leaf colouration is very reliable.
Flowering in April-May is modest with small, greenish flowers hanging in clusters. The flowers are hermaphroditic and are pollinated by insects. After flowering, small, dark blue berries develop that are loved by birds but not suitable as food for humans.
The tupelo tree grows slowly to moderately fast, eventually reaching 10-15 metres in height. The tree requires moist, slightly acidic soil and does not tolerate drought. Its spectacular autumn colour and decorative bark make it a very valuable tree for enthusiasts.
Application and location
The tupelo tree is suitable for larger gardens and parks where a tree with spectacular autumn colour is desired. Due to specific soil preferences, this tree fits best in gardens with acidic, moist soil. Perfect as a solitary or in groups. Also suitable for wetland locations and pond banks.
Plant the tree in full sun to light semi-shade. The soil should be slightly acidic (pH 5-6.5), humus-rich and moist to wet. In its natural habitat, the tupelo tree often grows in swampy areas and tolerates wet feet well. Drought and calcareous soils are unsuitable. Hardy to -25°C.
Give the tree 10-12 metres of space. Pruning is not necessary. When planting, add plenty of acidic garden soil and compost if your soil is not naturally acidic. Provide adequate moisture, especially in dry periods. The tree grows slowly so be patient. For lovers of intense autumn colour and unique bark structure, this is a top choice, provided the soil is suitable.
Do you already know exactly what you need?
Every garden and every greenery project is different. Therefore, at Smits Arboriculture we do not make standard quotations, but we like to look together at what suits your wishes, planning and the character of the project.
